1301. Physical Geography: Meteorology. 4(3-2)
Earth motions and their meanings; system of location and time; composition and structure of the earth's atmosphere. Meteorology and weather
prediction, including storms. Air pollution meteorology. Field trips will be arranged.

1302. Physical Geography: Climate and Mankind. 4(3-2)
Climatic classification, types, and world regions. Climatic change, fluctuations and their effects on human ecology (e.g., droughts). Agricultural
and urban climatology. Microclimates. The distribution of soils and natural vegetation as related to climate. Field trips will be arranged.

1303. World Geography. (GEOG 1303) 3(3-0)
Major geographic regions of the world. Landscapes and peoples of continents; major culture realms and nations, resources, land-use, and industries. Contrasts between developed and emerging nations.

1405. Physical Geography: Science and Environment. 4(3-2)
An introduction to the nature, history, philosophy, methods and significance of science generally and environmental science in particular, with
particular emphasis on spatial aspects: the role of place. Field trips may be arranged. Laboratory fee, $5.

3250. Field Mapping and Global Positioning. 2(1-3)
The principles and practice of plane surveying and the global positioning system (GPS) and their interface with geographic information systems
(GIS). Local field trips will be arranged. Prerequisite: MATH 1316. Laboratory fee, $5.

3305. Conservation of Natural Resources. 3(3-0)
The nature, geographic distribution, use, and misuse of global resources with emphasis on those of North America. Ecosystems, air, water, soil,
mineral, and energy resources will be considered. Prerequisites: 3 semester credit hours of Geography or a Criterion V course.

3310. The World in Change: Crucial Topics in Contemporary Geography. 3(3-0)
Intensive study of the geography of selected world "crisis" regions. Examples include the Middle East, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the former
U.S.S.R. and Eastern Europe. May be repeated for credit as the topic changes. Prerequisite: 6 semester hours of geography or 12 semester hours
of social sciences.

3331. United States and Canada. 3(3-0)
The regional aspects of landforms, climate, resources, and peoples of United States and Canada. Prerequisite: 6 hours of geography or 12 hours
of social science.

3335. Mexico and Middle America. 3(3-0)
A regional study of the physical and cultural geography of Mexico, Central America, and the Antillean Island, including adjacent waters.
Prerequisite: 6 hours of geography.

3421. Geomorphology. 4(3-3)
Description, classification, and quantitative analysis of landforms and surface processes in relation to human development. Regional
physiography of the United States and topographic map interpretation. May be used as geology credit. Field trip will be arranged. Prerequisite:
GEOL 1402 or GEOL 1403, MATH 1316. Laboratory fee, $5

3450 (formerly GEOG 3250_Field Mapping, Cartography and Global Positioning  
The principles and practice of plane surveying and the global positioning system (GPS) and their interface with geographic information systems (GIS).  Basic principles of cartography and use of cartographic toos and software. Management of cartographic data and GPS data.  Prerequisite: MATH 1314 and Math 1316 or MATH 1324. Laboratory fee, $5.

4315 Elements of Urban and Regional Planning. 
Introduction to the3 historical development and practice of urban and regional planning in the United States.  Particular  focus on planning applications to housing, regional economics, transportation, environmental and weather problems of South Texas and as appropriate areas of the border areas of Mexico. Prerequisties: GEOG 1303 and any 3 additional hours in geography or HIST 1301 and HIST 1202 or POLS 2301 and POLS2302, or consent of instructor.

4420. Special Topics in Geoscience. V:1-4
Concepts, developments or discoveries in geography. May be repeated for a maximum of six semester hours credit. Prerequisite: 12 semester
hours of geography and/or geology.

4425.(formerly 4325).  Geographic Information Systems
The acquisition, management, and processing of geographic data. Spatial data structures and the display, manipulation, and analysis of
geographic information. May be used as geology credit. Prerequisite: CISA 1301 or CSEN 2304 or GEOG 3345. Laboratory fee, $5.

4435.(fomerly GEOG 4335)  Remote Sensing.
The technology and interpretation of aerial photography and satellite imagery, including multi-spectral, thermal, and radar images. Digital image
processing using a raster geographic information system. May be used as geology credit. Prerequisite: MATH 1314 and six hours of science,
engineering, or agriculture. Laboratory fee, $5.


GEOLOGY (GEOL)   top
1301. Earth Science I. (GEOL 1401) 4(3-2)
Introduction to principles and methods of earth science. Nature of the earth and its setting in space as revealed by a survey of physical
geology, meteorology, and oceanography. Designed for students not majoring in science or engineering. Occasional field trips may be
arranged. Laboratory fee, $5.

1302. Earth Science II. 4(3-2)
Survey of astronomy, the effects of physical processes operating on the earth's surface (geomorphology), and of earth history as interpreted
from fossils and rocks (historical geology). The significance to society of the earth sciences including environmental problems and natural
resource exploration and utilization. Occasional field trips may be arranged. Designed for students not majoring in science or engineering.
Prerequisite: GEOL 1403. Laboratory fee, $5.

1303. Physical Geology. (GEOL 1403) 4(3-2)
General composition and form of the earth's surface and the volcanic, erosional, depositional, and deformational processes which operate on it. The properties of the interior of the earth inferred from earthquakes and other external evidence. Occasional field trips may be arranged.
Laboratory fee, $5.

1304. Historical Geology. (GEOL 1404) 4(3-2)
The important change through which the earth has passed since its origin as a planet; especially, the history of the orderly evolution of life and
physical features evidenced in the rocks of the earth. Occasional field trips may be arranged. Prerequisite: GEOL 1403. Laboratory fee, $5.

    1305. Environmental Geology. Basic concepts of environmental geology, including topics in natural hazards, natural resources, contamination of soils, sediments, and water, and environmental geology and risk. Case examples form South Texas environmental geologic research are included to provide relevant examples.

2376. Nature of the Earth and the Universe. 4(3-4)
Subjects include physical geology, historical geology, meteorology, astronomy, and oceanography. Laboratory fee, $5.

3407. Field Geology. 4(3-3)
Geologic mapping on topographic maps and aerial photographs. Interpretation of field relationships. Basic topographic surveying methods and measurements using the Global Positioning System (GPS). Two weekend field trips required, including geologic mapping in the field and written
reports. Other problems simulated in the laboratory. Prerequisite: GEOL 1404. Laboratory fee, $5.

3409. Mineralogy. 4(3-3)
Morphological crystallography and symmetry concepts. Methods of identification of minerals by their physical and chemical properties. Origin
of economic minerals and ore deposits. Geological significance of common rock-forming minerals. One weekend field trip required. Prerequisites:
GEOL 1403 and 6 hours of chemistry. Laboratory fee, $5.

3411. Petrology. (3-3)
Classification and origin of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Laboratory emphasis on identification and interpretation of hand
specimens. One weekend field trip required. Prerequisite: GEOL 3409. Laboratory fee, $5.

3431. Stratigraphy and Sedimentology. 4(3-3)
Study of the composition, environment, sequence, and correlation of stratified rocks. Occasional field trips will be arranged. Prerequisites: GEOL
1403 AND GEOL 1404. Laboratory fee, $5.

3435. Invertebrate Paleontology. 4(3-3)
Morphology, evolution, and classification of fossil invertebrates. Paleoecology and geologic significance of fossils is emphasized. Occasional
field trips may be arranged. Prerequisites: GEOL 1403 and GEOL 1404. Laboratory fee, $5.

3445. Oceanography. 4(3-3)
Methods and principles of oceanography. The physical and chemical properties of the seas, life in the sea, and a comprehensive treatment of
marine geology. Saturday field trips will be arranged. Prerequisites: GEOG 1401 or GEOL 1403, or GEOL 1401. Laboratory fee, $5. May be used
for geography credit.

3481. Structural Geology. 4(3-3)
The inherent and imposed structures in rocks and their modes of formation. Mechanical principles of rock deformation, petrofabrics, regional
structural interpretation, theories of mountain building, and geotectonics. Prerequisites: GEOL 1403 AND GEOL 1404. Laboratory fee, $5.

4325. Aqueous Geochemistry. 3(3-1)
Introduces the processes controlling the chemical composition of surface and groundwater. Prerequisites: GEOL 1403, CHEM 1111, CHEM 1112,
CHEM 1311, and CHEM 1312.

4395. Special Problems. V:1-3
Supervised individual research of a geological problem that meets the needs and interest of the student. May be repeated for a maximum of 3
semester hours credit. Prerequisite: 18 semester hours of geology prior to registration. Laboratory fee, $5.

4417. Summer Field Course I. 4(3-V)
A summer term program covering geologic field methods and techniques. Includes the use and maintenance of field equipment, measurement,
description and interpretation of stratigraphic sections, identification and interpretation of field relations of sedimentary rocks, and preparation
of geological field reports. Classwork six days per week. Simultaneous enrollment in GEOL 4418 is mandatory. Prerequisites: GEOL 3411, GEOL
3431, GEOL 3407, and GEOL 3481. Laboratory fee, $6. Special Field Course Fee required.

4418. Summer Field Course II. 4(3-V)
A summer term program covering geologic field methods and techniques. Includes the identification and interpretation of field relations of
igneous and metamorphic rocks; geologic mapping on topographic, aerial-photo and plane-table base; and preparation of geological field
reports. Classwork six days per week. Simultaneous enrollment in GEOL 4417 is mandatory. Prerequisites: GEOL 3411, GEOL 3431, GEOL 3407,
and GEOL 3481. Laboratory fee, $6. Special Field Course Fee is required.

4420. Special Topics in Geoscience. 4(3-3)
One or more important concepts, developments or discoveries in geology. May be repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: 12 semester hours of
geography and/or geology. Laboratory fee, $5.

4425. Hydrogeology. 4(3-2)
Principles of fluid, mass, and energy transport in geologic formations are emphasized to handle human affair problems such as water supply,
contamination, and energy resources. Prerequisite: GEOL 1403 and GEOL 1404.